Medicine of Dogs

Tobramycin is an antibiotic drug which is a type of aminoglycoside. This means it contains amino acids as part of its structure. It is sold under various brand names, with Tobrex being one of the most common. While is is both a broad-spectrum antibiotic and on the World Health Organization's List of...

Canine phenobarbital is an antiepileptic drug that belongs to the group known as barbiturates. Due to its high efficacy, it is considered the first drug of choice to treat seizures caused by epilepsy in dogs. Its administration can cause the appearance of various adverse reactions, leading to a more intensive...

Most commonly sold under the name Minipress, prazosin is an antihypertensive drug which is used to reduce high blood pressure levels. Marketed for human use, it can be prescribed off-label by veterinarians for use in canines. Prazosin acts as an antagonist of alpha-adrenergic receptors, reducing blood...

Commonly sold under the trade name Zeniquin, marbofloxacin is an antibiotic in the group of broad-spectrum antibiotics known as fluoroquinolones. These are used to treat infections caused by various bacteria, working by inhibiting certain enzymes which the bacteria need to replicate. Skin and other soft tissue...

Ciprofloxacin is a type of fluoroquinolone antibiotic which is used as a broad-spectrum treatment for a range of bacterial infections. While it is not usually marketed directly for veterinary use, many veterinarians will administer ciprofloxacin for dogs in off-label prescriptions. The reason is it not...

Urinary incontinence medications are used to stop the involuntary leakage of urine from the genitourinary tract. Different types of canine incontinence drugs are necessitated by the various causes of this health issue in dogs. An animal may be unable to control their urine flow due to both neurogenic and non-neurogenic...

Propalin is a medication used in veterinary medicine to relieve urinary incontinence. Its active ingredient is phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride (PPA), a sympathomimetic agent which acts to strengthen the urethral sphincter and prevent urine leakage. A weakened urethral sphincter is commonly the result of...

Onsior canine treatment is an anti-inflammatory analgesic medication which is used to alleviate pain and inflammation. It is from the coxib family of medications, a type of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID), also known as a COX-2 inhibitor. While we commonly know it as Onsior, this is a trade...

Bactrim in dogs is a type of antibiotic with the active ingredients trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. The use of these two antimicrobial compounds in combination has a synergistic effect, meaning the effect of both drugs is increased when administered together. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole is a drug on the...

Augmentin is a drug that combines amoxicillin and clavulanic acid to create an antibiotic treatment for various bacterial infections. While these active ingredients are used in both human and veterinary medicine, it is vital to know that we cannot give the human preparation to dogs. Doing so could cause...

Theophylline is an alkaloid of the methylxanthine family. Due to its bronchodilator effect, it is used to treat various respiratory diseases in dogs. Although it is an effective drug for this purpose, it has a narrow therapeutic index range, meaning administration at the wrong dose can occur easily....

Hydrogen peroxide is a widely used antiseptic that is commonly administered to treat minor injuries or other health problems in humans. It is often used topically, but can be used to treat ear infections and other ailments. Generally speaking, a dog's skin is more sensitive than our own. Even in diluted...

Miconazole for dogs is the active ingredient of certain medications which is classified as an antifungal. It is considered a fungistatic and fingicidal drug which acts on fungi and yeasts which can proliferate in various tissues of the canine body. Although minimal, research suggests there is also some...

Sedation often raises many questions and concerns for dog owners, yet it is sometimes necessary to help our dogs avoid pain or stress during certain procedures. In veterinary clinics, sedation is commonly used for minor surgeries, wound care, dental cleanings, and diagnostic tests. Rest assured, veterinary...

When we speak of side effects of anesthesia in dogs, we might think of worrying consequences which might occur due to reactions or complications. It is first important to note that certain side effects of anesthesia are completely normal and will not threaten the dog's health in the long term. For example,...

You may be familiar with prednisone as a drug for various human ailments. It has been used for everything from headaches and autoimmune diseases to heart failure and cancer. The dosage and side effects are specific to the individual clinical picture. While not all human-use drugs are appropriate for veterinary...

One of the World Health Organization's ‘essential medicines’[1], omeprazole is an antacid drug commonly used in human medicine. Various diseases and conditions treated with omeprazole can manifest themselves in our dogs. Gastrointestinal issues are quite common in canines, especially as they are often known...

Ibuprofen is a very common over-the-counter painkiller, frequently used for human consumption. For this reason, many caregivers wonder whether or not Ibuprofen is dangerous for dogs. It’s important to know that offering your dog Ibuprofen without veterinary consultation or according to an appropriate dosage...

Amitraz is a product which is becoming increasingly well-known, especially in veterinary medical circles. It has been used to treat various conditions in dogs, but some animal guardians unfortunately give it to their dogs without a veterinary prescription. Often used to treat parasite related conditions...

Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication which is sometimes prescribed in veterinary medicine, although it is used on humans also. A relatively common drug, ketoconazole can be purchased over the counter. This means many animal guardians might want to use this product on their companion animals if they...

A suitable first aid kit for dogs is recommended for all dog guardians. When it comes to dog wounds, their adventurous and often energetic nature means they can get in trouble easily. Whether they run over something sharp or get on the wrong side of an aggressive animal, accidents happen. Knowing the best...